Solar energy is one of the components of renewable energy, which is a significant source of clean energy in many industries, particularly electricity generation and water desalination is solar energy. This work aims to apply a multi-criteria GIS method to identify the most suitable spatial locations for solar energy collection in Iraq in order to produce the energy required to generate electricity. Some of the required criteria and conditions, whether technical, environmental, or economic criteria, have been used. In order to identify the suitability of different regions, 6 criteria, including solar radiation, distance from power transmission lines, distance from major roads, distance from the residential area, elevation, slope, and land use, are identified. The final findings showed that the southern parts of Iraq, which are distinguished by high radiation (5.6 kWh/m2), moderate slope, closeness to major roads and network lines, and distance from cities, are the ideal sites for gathering solar energy. In addition, the study area was divided into regions, with a high suitability index covering 6.2% of the total area, which is a significant indicator of the potential for harvesting solar energy. This was followed by a moderate suitability index of 79.8%, a low suitability index of 8.4%, and unsuitable areas were identified at 5.3%.