Abstract: This paper discusses the fundamentals of an engine ignition system modeling using bond graph approach and its mathematical interpretation and physics for the different stages of motor operation. Other topics covered in this paper show that fault detection and localization of the defects in the engine ignition system with lighting presented by its bond graph model. One of the original points is that this work treated the utilization of fault detection and isolation method (FDI). A new method is proposed to avoid the exploration of all the combinations for its application to the diagnostic of this system operation and to determine the gravity of a detected failure. The causal paths help us in this procedure in order to generating the analytical redundancy relations ARR at each step from constitutive and structural junction relations. This is shown through an algorithm for monitoring the system by sensors placements on the corresponding bond graph model. The diagnosis performances are controlled by a sensitivity analysis of these residues, making it possible to define indices of sensitivity, and detectability indices of the defects.

Key words: Modeling, Bond Graph, Engine ignition system, Sensors Placement, Detection, Localization.